Here are a few of my notes about genetics.
Mendelism: Mendel is second on my list of top scientists, just right after Darwin.
Vocabulary:
- Gametes: they usually have only one copy of each chromosome (such as sex cells)
- Zygote: single cell from female gametes and male gametes. “I’ve been using internet before you were a zygote” said Dave Winer, I think.
- Monohybrid cross: a single trait is studied
- Dihybrid cross: two traits are studied.
- Haploid eukaryotic cells have one copy of each chromosome.
- Diploid eukaryotic cells have two copies of each chromosome.
Worth remembering:
- In substrate pathways, double mutant shows the upstream gene
- In signaling pathways, double mutant shows the downstream gene
- if A suppresses B and A is loss-of-function, then there will be too much B
- mitosis: duplication into sister chromatids, everything is lined-up in the middle.
- meiosis I: we have 2 cells, separate homologs, homologs are lined up
- meiosis II sister chromatids separate
- recombination: if 100% of tetrads have a crossover, the % of number of progeny showing recombinant types is 50